{"id":1485,"date":"2020-12-09T16:57:42","date_gmt":"2020-12-09T16:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/?p=1485"},"modified":"2026-01-29T21:58:24","modified_gmt":"2026-01-29T21:58:24","slug":"asimetria-y-curtosis-medidas-de-forma-en-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/index.php\/2020\/12\/09\/asimetria-y-curtosis-medidas-de-forma-en-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Asimetr\u00eda y Curtosis. Medidas de Forma en R"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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La\u00a0asimetr\u00eda<\/b>\u00a0y la\u00a0curtosis<\/b>\u00a0son dos indicadores estad\u00edsticos que nos indican o nos dan informaci\u00f3n sobre la forma que tiene la distribuci\u00f3n de una variable<\/strong>. Gracias a estas medidas no es primordial representar gr\u00e1ficamente cada variable ya que \u00e9stas nos aportan un valor num\u00e9rico que nos muestra como est\u00e1 formada la distribuci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
La asimetr\u00eda es la medida que indica la simetr\u00eda de la distribuci\u00f3n de una variable respecto a la media aritm\u00e9tica<\/strong>, pudiendo haber distribuciones sim\u00e9tricas, asim\u00e9tricas positivas y asim\u00e9tricas negativas. La curtosis (o apuntamiento) mide a su vez c\u00f3mo de apuntada o achatada es la distribuci\u00f3n<\/strong> mirando la cantidad de elementos cercanos al valor central.<\/span><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Para profundizar m\u00e1s en este tema he creado un tutorial m\u00e1s completo haciendo ejemplos en R studio y explicando m\u00e1s detalladamente \u00e9stos conceptos.\u00a0 Justo abajo tienen el c\u00f3digo en R del v\u00eddeo.<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Codigo R<\/h2>

#ASIMETR\u00cdA Y CURTOSIS<\/p>

#Medidas que nos dicen la forma de la distribuci\u00f3n de una variable<\/p>

# valor n\u00famerico<\/p>


# Asimetr\u00eda = Simetr\u00eda con respecto a su media<\/p>

# Curtosis(Apuntamiento)= Mide c\u00f3mo de achatada o apuntada es la curva
# y c\u00f3mo se agrupan valores en torno a la media<\/p>


#install.packages(\u00abquantmod\u00bb)
library(quantmod)
#install.packages(\u00abtseries\u00bb)
library(tseries)
#install.packages(\u00abfImport\u00bb)
library(fImport)<\/p>

?rnorm<\/p>

## ASIMETR\u00cdA<\/p>


set.seed(1900)

skewness(rnorm(100)) #<0 negativo<\/p>

#?skewness


getSymbols(\u00abEURUSD=X\u00bb,quote=\u00bbClose\u00bb,from =\u00bb2012-01-20″,periodicity = \u00abdaily\u00bb)

getSymbols(\u00ab^DJI\u00bb,quote=\u00bbClose\u00bb,from =\u00bb2020-01-01″,periodicity = \u00abdaily\u00bb)

plot(`EURUSD=X`[,4],type=\u00bbl\u00bb)

Euro<- na.omit(`EURUSD=X`[,4])

hist(Euro)
mean(Euro)

#abline(1,0)
abline(v=1.19,col=\u00bbred\u00bb)

skewness(Euro)


REUR<-na.omit(returns(Euro))

Reur<- na.omit(REUR[2000:2313])
plot(Reur,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)
mean(Reur)

hist(Reur,main=\u00bbEURUSD\u00bb)

abline(v=mean(Reur),col=\u00bbred\u00bb)

skewness(Reur)

Rdow<-na.omit(returns(DJI[,4]))
hist(Rdow)
skewness(Rdow)

#kurtosis(Rdow)
#kurtosis(Rdow, method = \u00abmoment\u00bb)

#abline(a,b) A\u00f1ade una l\u00ednea de pendiente a y que corta al origen en b
#abline(h=y) A\u00f1ade l\u00ednea horizontal que corta al eje y en h=y
#abline(v=x) Lo an\u00e1logo para l\u00ednea vertical


#CURTOSIS


# Curtosis(Apuntamiento)= Mide c\u00f3mo de achatada o apuntada es la curva
# y c\u00f3mo se agrupan valores en torno a la media



# Muestra de 100 n\u00famero aleatorios con Media 0 y varianza 1


set.seed(4000)
x <- rnorm(1000)

kurtosis(x)

# momento curtosis

# distribuci\u00f3n norma = 3
#2.94 <3

kurtosis(x, method = \u00abmoment\u00bb)


kurtosis(Rdow)

kurtosis(Rdow, method = \u00abmoment\u00bb)

#11.25185-3

Rdow<-na.omit(returns(DJI[,4]))
hist(Rdow)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCarteras de Inversi\u00f3n en R<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCurso GRATIS Multicointegraci\u00f3n en FOREX<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La\u00a0asimetr\u00eda\u00a0y la\u00a0curtosis\u00a0son dos indicadores estad\u00edsticos que nos indican o nos dan informaci\u00f3n sobre la forma que tiene la distribuci\u00f3n de una variable. Gracias a estas medidas no es primordial representar gr\u00e1ficamente cada variable ya que \u00e9stas nos aportan un valor num\u00e9rico que nos muestra como est\u00e1 formada la distribuci\u00f3n.\u00a0La asimetr\u00eda es la medida que indica …<\/p>\n

Asimetr\u00eda y Curtosis. Medidas de Forma en R<\/span> Leer m\u00e1s »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":1496,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAsimetr\u00eda y Curtosis. Medidas de Forma en R - V\u00edctor A. Rico \u2014 Econometr\u00eda y Finanzas Cuantitativas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/index.php\/2020\/12\/09\/asimetria-y-curtosis-medidas-de-forma-en-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Asimetr\u00eda y Curtosis. Medidas de Forma en R - V\u00edctor A. Rico \u2014 Econometr\u00eda y Finanzas Cuantitativas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La\u00a0asimetr\u00eda\u00a0y la\u00a0curtosis\u00a0son dos indicadores estad\u00edsticos que nos indican o nos dan informaci\u00f3n sobre la forma que tiene la distribuci\u00f3n de una variable. 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