{"id":2527,"date":"2021-05-20T17:38:20","date_gmt":"2021-05-20T17:38:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/?p=2527"},"modified":"2026-01-29T21:49:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-29T21:49:20","slug":"estadistica-descriptiva-basica-en-r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/index.php\/2021\/05\/20\/estadistica-descriptiva-basica-en-r\/","title":{"rendered":"Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva B\u00e1sica en R"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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La Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva es la t\u00e9cnica matem\u00e1tica que obtiene, organiza y describe un conjunto de datos, usando para ello medidas num\u00e9ricas y gr\u00e1ficos. Estas t\u00e9cnicas son utilizadas en el proceso de investigaci\u00f3n y an\u00e1lisis de los datos.<\/span><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Centr\u00e1ndonos en el an\u00e1lisis de datos hay algunas medidas que son importantes dentro de la estad\u00edstica descriptiva como son las\u00a0Medidas de Posici\u00f3n, Dispersi\u00f3n y Forma<\/b>. Para profundizar en este tema en este tutorial vamos a ver los conceptos b\u00e1sicos de Estad\u00edstica\u00a0descriptiva en R, con un ejemplo pr\u00e1ctico del mercado de divisas.<\/span><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Abajo tienes el c\u00f3digo en R usado en el v\u00eddeo.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Codigo R<\/h2>

\u00a0<\/p>


# ESTADISTICA DESCRIPTIVA EN R<\/p>

#Estudiaremos temas b\u00e1sicos fundamentales para
#INTERPRETAR LOS DATOS con un objetivo pr\u00e1ctico<\/p>

# gbpusd<\/p>

#Medidas de Posici\u00f3n<\/p>


#1. Introducci\u00f3n<\/p>

#2. Posici\u00f3n Central
# 2.1 MEDIA ARITMETICA
# 2.2 MEDIANA
# 2.3 MODA<\/p>

#3. MEDIDAS DE POSICI\u00d3N NO CENTRAL. CUANTILES<\/p>

#4. MEDIDAS DE DISPERSI\u00d3N<\/p>

# Recorrido o Rango
# Varianza
# Desviaci\u00f3n t\u00edpica
# Recorrido Relativo
# Coeficiente de Variaci\u00f3n<\/p>


# 5. MEDIDAS DE FORMA Y CONCENTRACI\u00d3N<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

#### ANALISIS MATEMATICO GBPUSD ###<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>


#install.packages(\u00abquantmod\u00bb)
library(quantmod)
#install.packages(\u00abtseries\u00bb)
library(tseries)
#install.packages(\u00abfImport\u00bb)
library(fImport)
#install.packages(\u00abFImport\u00bb)
library(urca)<\/p>

#install.packages(\u00abforecast\u00bb)
library(forecast)
#install.packages(\u00abTSA\u00bb)
library(TSA)
#install.packages(\u00abQuandl\u00bb)
library(Quandl)
#install.packages(\u00abFImport\u00bb)
library(urca)<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

### TEOR\u00cdA 1<\/p>

#### EURUSD YAHOO<\/p>

getSymbols(\u00abGBPUSD=X\u00bb,quote=\u00bbClose\u00bb,from =\u00bb2000-01-01″,periodicity = \u00abweekly\u00bb)
#getSymbols(\u00abEURGBP=X\u00bb,quote=\u00bbClose\u00bb,from =\u00bb1900-01-01″,periodicity = \u00abweekly\u00bb)
#getSymbols(\u00abEURGBP=X\u00bb,quote=\u00bbClose\u00bb,from =\u00bb1900-01-01″,periodicity = \u00abweekly\u00bb)<\/p>

plot(`GBPUSD=X`[,4],type=\u00bbl\u00bb) #PRECIO DE CIERRE<\/p>

#write.table(`EURGBP=X`,file=\u00bbeurgbp.txt\u00bb)
#WRITE.TABLE<\/p>

forex_yahoo<- na.omit(`GBPUSD=X`)
nrow(forex_yahoo)<\/p>

#tail(`EURUSD=X`)<\/p>

#summary(forex_yahoo)<\/p>


forex_cierre<- forex_yahoo[1:nrow(forex_yahoo)-1,4]
forex_max<- forex_yahoo[1:nrow(forex_yahoo)-1,2]
forex_min<- forex_yahoo[1:nrow(forex_yahoo)-1,3]
forex_open<- forex_yahoo[1:nrow(forex_yahoo)-1,1]<\/p>

plot(forex_open,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>


######<\/p>

#Diferencia entre MAX y MIN<\/p>

dif_max_min<- forex_max-forex_min<\/p>

plot(dif_max_min,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

dif_open_max <- forex_max-forex_open<\/p>

plot(dif_open_max,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

mean(dif_open_max)<\/p>

summary(dif_open_max)<\/p>

sd(dif_max_min)<\/p>

dif_open_max_2 <- dif_open_max[dif_open_max$`GBPUSD=X.High`< 0.06] ##<\/p>

plot(dif_open_max_2,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

summary(dif_open_max_2)<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

dif_open_min <- forex_open- forex_min<\/p>

plot(dif_open_min,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

dif_max_cierre <- forex_max – forex_cierre<\/p>

plot(dif_max_cierre,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

dif_max_cierre_2 <- dif_max_cierre[dif_max_cierre$`GBPUSD=X.High`< 0.05] ##<\/p>

plot(dif_max_cierre_2,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

summary(dif_max_cierre_2)<\/p>

#podr\u00edamos predecir la volatilidad<\/p>

#####<\/p>

dif_max_min_2 <- dif_max_min[dif_max_min$`GBPUSD=X.High`< 0.05] ##<\/p>

plot(dif_max_min_2,type=\u00bbl\u00bb)<\/p>

summary(dif_max_min_2)<\/p>


######<\/p>

#An\u00e1lisis serie apertura m\u00e1ximo<\/p>

#1 Media<\/p>

media_a = mean(dif_open_max)
media_a<\/p>

# Mediana<\/p>

median(dif_open_max)<\/p>

#moda<\/p>


frecuencias <- data.frame(table(dif_open_max))
moda <- frecuencias[which.max(frecuencias$Freq),1]
moda
paste(\u00abLa moda de la variable edad es\u00bb, moda)<\/p>


#install.packages(\u00abmodeest\u00bb)
#library(modeest)<\/p>

mfv(dif_open_max) #Indica el o los valores con m\u00e1s frecuencia<\/p>


# Cuantiles<\/p>

quantile(dif_open_max,prob = 0.25) # cuartil 1<\/p>

quantile(dif_open_max, prob = c(0.25, 0.5, 0.75), na.rm = TRUE)<\/p>

quantile(dif_open_max,prob = 0.99)<\/p>


# Medidas de Dispersi\u00f3n<\/p>


#Rango o recorrido<\/p>

range(dif_open_max)<\/p>

rango <- range(dif_open_max)[2] – range(dif_open_max)[1]
rango<\/p>


max(dif_open_max)
min(dif_open_max)<\/p>

max(dif_open_max) – min(dif_open_max)<\/p>

#Varianza<\/p>

var(dif_open_max)<\/p>


#Desviaci\u00f3n T\u00edpica<\/p>

sd(dif_open_max)<\/p>

desv<- sd(dif_open_max)
desv<\/p>

#Coeficente de Apertura<\/p>

CA = max(dif_open_max)\/min(dif_open_max)
CA<\/p>

#Coeficiente de Variaci\u00f3n<\/p>

CV= sd(dif_open_max)\/mean(dif_open_max)
CV<\/p>

#87%<\/p>

media_a<\/p>

media_a + desv<\/p>

media_a + (2*desv)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva es la t\u00e9cnica matem\u00e1tica que obtiene, organiza y describe un conjunto de datos, usando para ello medidas num\u00e9ricas y gr\u00e1ficos. Estas t\u00e9cnicas son utilizadas en el proceso de investigaci\u00f3n y an\u00e1lisis de los datos.\u00a0Centr\u00e1ndonos en el an\u00e1lisis de datos hay algunas medidas que son importantes dentro de la estad\u00edstica descriptiva como son …<\/p>\n

Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva B\u00e1sica en R<\/span> Leer m\u00e1s »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2528,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nEstad\u00edstica Descriptiva B\u00e1sica en R - V\u00edctor A. Rico \u2014 Econometr\u00eda y Finanzas Cuantitativas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ricovictor.com\/index.php\/2021\/05\/20\/estadistica-descriptiva-basica-en-r\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva B\u00e1sica en R - V\u00edctor A. Rico \u2014 Econometr\u00eda y Finanzas Cuantitativas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Estad\u00edstica Descriptiva es la t\u00e9cnica matem\u00e1tica que obtiene, organiza y describe un conjunto de datos, usando para ello medidas num\u00e9ricas y gr\u00e1ficos. 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